Turbine-engine.



190.949,942. PATBNED APR. 9, 1907.

R. TOENNES.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 7, 1905. v

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aumenten' v Eichard 756117165,

PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

R. TOENNES. TURBINE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 7. 1905.

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PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

'R. TOENNES.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 7, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

HIMAWM TED sTATEs PATENT oEErcE.

RICHARD TOENNES, OF BOONVILLE, MISSOURI.

'TURBINE-ENGlNE.

Patented April 9, 1 907.

.Application led Novemher7,1905. Serial No. 286,275.

To all whom it ma@ concern.:

Be it known that I, RICHARD TOENNEs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boonville, in the county of Cooper and vState of Missouri, have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Engines, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention pertains to improvements in what may be termed turbine-engines. The motive fluid herein employed maybe and is preferably oil vthrown in-a stream or streams upon a turbine-wheel iixedfto the engine or 'driving-shaft by the action of steam exerting or delivering'its pressure upon the body of oil or other motive Huid.

The invention has for/its object to provide for facility and efficiency in the action of the parts and to carryout these ends in a simple and expeditious manner.

Said invention consists of certain structural features substantially as hereinafter fully disclosed and particularly pointed out by the claims. y

In the accom anying drawings, illustrating the preferred, embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a'broken perspective view thereof, viewing it generally from the front. Fig. 2 is a sideview 'of the same, disclosing more especially the reversing-lever, &c.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the engine produced directly in the line of the driving-shaft, the oil-stream-delivering nozzles. Fig. 4- is also a vertical section thereof, taken longitudinally through the steam supply-valves and valve-chest. Fig. is also a vertical section of the sameproduced transversely through the steam-chest anda steam supply-valve and the live-steam and exhaust-steam ports eective therewith.

In racticing my invention I provide a suitab e casing or shell 1, having a steamexhaust outlet 1b in its top, and preferably super osed with relation to a lower or base cham er 2, whose upper surface or to is formed by the bottom of the former. ithin the u per part of the casing or shell 1 is ,arrangef an impact type of turbine-wheel 3, whose shaft 3a, from which the driving power is taken, is suitably hung -or j ournaled in the lateral walls of the casing or shell 1.

The chamber 2 is subdivided into a number of compartmentsor subchambers, three being herein shown, 2lL 2b 2, although a greater number may be used, each for holding orreceiving a motive liquid, as oil, preferably w'hat is called cylinder oil, or other liquid. Said subchambers or compartments are equipped in their upper surfaces with gravity-opening valves 4 to permit the supplying thereof with oil and the draining back thereinto of the residue oil for reusing resulting from the oil previously thrown up against the wheel, as will be more fully apparent presently. Said subchambers or compartments are also equipped or furnished with oil or liquid delivering or throwing nozzles 5, arranged below the Wheel 3 and about in alinement with a vertical central vline passing through the wheel 3. Said nozzles have each oppositely discharging or jetting branches or nozzles proper, 5a, to deliver the oil or liquid upon the wheel for actuating or causing the turning of the latter in either direction, according to the plane of rotation it may be desired to impart to the power-transmitting shaft, as will be readily understood. To this end also a reversing suitablyapertured rod or plug 6 is also provided, extending through each of the nozzles 5 and having each of its transverse apertures or ports 6EL common to each two portsy or passages of the branches 5a of each nozzle. Said plug or rod is provided with a conveniently-actuated handle or arm 6b, adapted to be moved back and forth outside of the casingl and be suitably retained in either of its two adjusted positions, as in initially delivering the liquid or oil via the nozzles 5, upon the turbinewheel, or in reversing the delivery action of said nozzles, as is apparent.A

` Within a steam-chest 7, having a steamsupply-pipe connection or inlet 7a and arranged upon the chamber 2 atthe forward side ofthe casing or engine, is a number of steam-su ply valves 8, equal in number to that of tllfe several oil or liquid chambers 2a', 2b, and 2c and effective for controlling the supply-or delivery of Steam into the latter upon the contents thereof, but at graduated intervals, to `accordingly deliver or discharge vIoo the liquid or oil through the nozzles 5 from said chambers u on the wheel, as will be noted from the drawings, for continuously effecting said wheel by the action of said liquid, as is obvious. This graduated delivery action of the steam by the valves is the resultant of eccentrics 9, having their points of connection upon a common shaft 10 in relatively varying radiiof said eccentrics, which shaft is suitably mounted, as shown, or otherwise, and which eccentrics are encompassed by rings or collars 11, con- IIO ` nected to pitmen 12, in turn connected to said valves. Said valves are adapted to suitably deliver or lsupply the steam as aforesaid by opening ports 8a in the to of the steamchest 7, which steam after aving exerted its expansive action upon the oil or liquid in the respective oil or liquid chambers and upon the return movement of said valves which will `again cover the ports 8a will be exhausted from said oil or liquid chambers through additional ports 8b in the top of the latter, the exhaust-steam escaping through the covered ports 8a, thus put into vcommunication, by means of ducts 8c in the valves, with said ports 8b and entering chambers 8d and finally passing out through the outlets 1b, Thus the residue from the oil expelled from the oil-chambers, as indicated, through the nozzles and after having expended its force upon the. turbine-wheel will be lallowed to renter said oil-chambers and be reused, as is obvious.

A propellingpawl or dog 13, eccentrically connected, as at 13, with the driving-shaft 3a, is effective by engagement with a ratchetl pinion 14, secured to the valve-actuating shaft 10, t provide for imparting the requisite movement to said shaft. These are so related and constructed that the driving- ,shaft is designed to inalge about fifty revolutions before the valve-actuating shaft shall make a revolution, thus controlling the action of the steam-supply valves from said driving-shaft for the requisite supply and cut off of the steam in delivering the motive liquid or oil to the turbine-wheel and the y, refilling of the liquid or oil chambers alternately.

In low-pressure and compressedair en- I gines water may be used as the motive agent or liquid. Relative variations between the delivering capacity of the oil or liquid nozzles and the diameter of the ratchet-pinion of the valve-actuating shaft provide for accordingly varying the driving power of the engine. It is noted that by the employment of oil in particular as the motive liquid or medium, having great density or specific gravity, 'the im act therebetween and the wheel-blades will e greatly increased over that of the action of steam-pressure thereon, comparably about twenty to thirty per cent. greater, as I have found by practical experience. Also it 1s remarked that in lieu of the use of a slide-valve a rotary valve may be usedfor effecting the same purpose as obtained thereby. Further, it is observed that the delivery-passages or a ertures of the nozzles 5 may be laterally e ongated, which would provide for throwing or ejecting the oil 'or liquid to a greater advantage upon the wheel-perimeter, it is thought.

I claim- An engine or apparatus of the character described, comprising a turbine-Wheel, liquid or oil containing chambers arranged below said wheel, `a plurality of nozzled pi es depending within, and effective for the elivery ofthe contenlis of said chambers u on said wheel, a ported plug arranged wit ln, and` 'relatively varying radii of said eccentrics,

said' eccentrics having pitmen connection with said valves, and means for actuating said latter shaft from the wheel-shaft.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD TOENNES. Witnesses:

GEORGE VIERTIL, MARTIN J. HALLER. 

